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`Answer:`
\(S=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{32}\)
a) Ta thấy:
\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}>\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{8}>\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{9}+...+\frac{1}{16}>8.\frac{1}{16}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{17}+\frac{1}{18}+...+\frac{1}{32}>16.\frac{1}{32}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\)
b) Ta thấy:
\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}< 3.\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{11}< 6.\frac{1}{6}\)
\(\frac{1}{12}+...+\frac{1}{23}< 12.\frac{1}{12}\)
\(\frac{1}{24}+...+\frac{1}{32}< 9.\frac{1}{24}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{2}+1+1+1+\frac{9}{24}=\frac{31}{8}< \frac{9}{2}\)
Bài 1:
\(2^{49}=\left(2^7\right)^7=128^7;5^{21}=\left(5^3\right)^7=125^7\\ Vì:128^7>125^7\Rightarrow2^{49}>5^{21}\)
Bài 2:
\(a,S=1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{99}\\ =\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^4.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{96}.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\\ =40+3^4.40+...+3^{96}.40\\ =40.\left(1+3^4+...+3^{96}\right)⋮40\\ b,S=1+4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{62}\\ =\left(1+4+4^2\right)+4^3.\left(1+4+4^2\right)+...+4^{60}.\left(1+4+4^2\right)\\ =21+4^3.21+...+4^{60}.21\\ =21.\left(1+4^3+...+4^{60}\right)⋮21\)
Bài 1 :
\(2^{49}=\left(2^7\right)^7=128^7\)
\(5^{21}=\left(5^3\right)^7=125^7\)
mà \(125^7< 128^7\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{49}>5^{21}\)
Bài 2 :
a) \(S=1+3+3^2+3^3+...3^{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^4\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)...+3^{96}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=40+40.3^4+...+40.3^{96}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=40\left(1+3^4+...+3^{96}\right)⋮40\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
b) \(S=1+4+4^2+4^3+...4^{62}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left(1+4+4^2\right)+4^3\left(1+4+4^2\right)+...4^{60}\left(1+4+4^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=21+4^3.21+...4^{60}.21\)
\(\Rightarrow S=21\left(1+4^3+...4^{60}\right)⋮21\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
\(1,Y=\left(1+3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4+3^5\right)+...+\left(3^{96}+3^{97}+3^{98}\right)\\ Y=\left(1+3+3^2\right)\left(1+3^3+...+3^{96}\right)\\ Y=13\left(1+3^3+...+3^{96}\right)⋮13\\ 2,A=\left(1+3\right)+\left(3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^{2018}+3^{2019}\right)\\ A=\left(1+3\right)\left(1+3^2+...+3^{2019}\right)\\ A=4\left(1+3^2+...+3^{2019}\right)⋮4\\ 3,\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+4\right)=60\Leftrightarrow x+4=30\Leftrightarrow x=36\)
a) P = 1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3¹⁰¹
= (1 + 3 + 3²) + (3³ + 3⁴ + 3⁵) + ... + (3⁹⁹ + 3¹⁰⁰ + 3¹⁰¹)
= 13 + 3³.(1 + 3 + 3²) + ... + 3⁹⁹.(1 + 3 + 3²)
= 13 + 3³.13 + ... + 3⁹⁹.13
= 13.(1 + 3³ + ... + 3⁹⁹) ⋮ 13
Vậy P ⋮ 13
b) B = 1 + 2² + 2⁴ + ... + 2²⁰²⁰
= (1 + 2² + 2⁴) + (2⁶ + 2⁸ + 2¹⁰) + ... + (2²⁰¹⁶ + 2²⁰¹⁸ + 2²⁰²⁰)
= 21 + 2⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴) + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴)
= 21 + 2⁶.21 + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.21
= 21.(1 + 2⁶ + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶) ⋮ 21
Vậy B ⋮ 21
c) A = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2²⁰
= (2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + (2⁵ + 2⁶ + 2⁷ + 2⁸) + ... + (2¹⁷ + 2¹⁸ + 2¹⁹ + 2²⁰)
= 30 + 2⁴.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + ... + 2¹⁶.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴)
= 30 + 2⁴.30 + ... + 2¹⁶.30
= 30.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶)
= 5.6.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
d) A = 1 + 4 + 4² + ... + 4⁹⁸
= (1 + 4 + 4²) + (4³ + 4⁴ + 4⁵) + ... + (4⁹⁷ + 4⁹⁸ + 4⁹⁹)
= 21 + 4³.(1 + 4 + 4²) + ... + 4⁹⁷.(1 + 4 + 4²)
= 21 + 4³.21 + ... + 4⁹⁷.21
= 21.(1 + 4³ + ... + 4⁹⁷) ⋮ 21
Vậy A ⋮ 21
e) A = 11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + ... + 11 + 1
= (11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + 11⁶ + 11⁵) + (11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1)
= 11⁵.(11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1) + 16105
= 11⁵.16105 + 16105
= 16105.(11⁵ + 1)
= 5.3221.(11⁵ + 1) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
Lời giải:
a. Ta thấy:
$3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{99}\vdots 3$
$1\not\vdots 3$
$\Rightarrow A=1+3+3^2+...+3^{99}\not\vdots 3$
$\Rightarrow A\not\vdots 9$
b.
$A=(5+5^2)+(5^3+5^4)+...+(5^{39}+5^{40})$
$=5(1+5)+5^3(1+5)+...+5^{39}(1+5)$
$=5.6+5^3.6+....+5^{39}.6$
$=6(5+5^3+...+5^{39})$
$=2.3.(5+5^3+...+5^{39})$
$\Rightarrow A\vdots 2$ và $A\vdots 3$
Ta có
\(A>\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4.5}+\frac{1}{5.6}+...+\frac{1}{50.51}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{6}+....+\frac{1}{50}-\frac{1}{51}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\frac{1}{4}+\left(\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{51}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\frac{1}{4}+\frac{42}{9.51}>\frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy A>1/4
b)
Ta có
\(A< \frac{1}{3}^2+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+....+\frac{1}{49.50}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+.....+\frac{1}{59}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{4}{9}-\frac{1}{50}< \frac{4}{9}\)
Vậy A<4/9
thank nha