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\(M=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{19}+2^{20}\right)\\ M=\left(2+2^2\right)+2\left(2+2^2\right)+...+2^{18}\left(2+2^2\right)\\ M=\left(2+2^2\right)\left(1+2+...+2^{18}\right)\\ M=6\left(1+2+...+2^{18}\right)⋮6\)
\(A=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^{58}+3^{59}+3^{60}\right)\\ A=3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{58}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\\ A=\left(1+3+3^2\right)\left(3+...+3^{58}\right)\\ A=13\left(3+...+3^{58}\right)⋮13\)
\(M=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{17}+2^{18}+2^{19}+2^{20}\right)\\ M=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+2^{16}\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\\ M=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\left(1+...+2^{16}\right)\\ M=30\left(1+...+2^{16}\right)⋮5\)
a, Ta có:
2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + . . . + 2 99 + 2 100
= 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + 2 5 +...+ 2 96 + 2 97 + 2 98 + 2 99 + 2 100
= 2. 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 +...+ 2 96 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4
= 2 . 31 + 2 6 . 31 + . . . + 2 96 . 31
= 2 + 2 6 + . . . + 2 96 . 31 chia hết cho 31
b, Ta có:
5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 1 + 5 + 5 3 1 + 5 + 5 5 1 + 5 + . . . + 5 149 1 + 5
= 5 . 6 + 5 3 . 6 + 5 5 . 6 + . . . + 5 149 . 6
= ( 5 + 5 3 + 5 5 + . . . + 5 149 ) . 6 chia hết cho 6
Ta lại có:
5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 +...+ 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 + 5 148 + 5 149 + 5 150 (có đúng 25 nhóm)
= [ ( 5 + 5 4 ) + ( 5 2 + 5 5 ) + ( 5 3 + 5 6 ) ] + ... + [ 5 145 + 5 148 ) + ( 5 146 + 5 149 ) + ( 5 147 + 5 150 ]
= [ 5 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 2 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 3 ( 1 + 5 3 ) ] + ... + [ 5 145 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 146 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 147 ( 1 + 5 3 ]
= ( 5 . 126 + 5 2 . 126 + 5 3 . 126 ) + ... + ( 5 145 . 126 + 5 146 . 126 + 5 147 . 126 )
= ( 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 ) . 126 + ( 5 7 + 5 8 + 5 9 ) . 126 + ... + ( 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 ) . 126
= 126.[ ( 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 ) + ( 5 7 + 5 8 + 5 9 ) + ... + ( 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 ) ] chia hết cho 126.
Vậy 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150 vừa chia hết cho 6, vừa chia hết cho 126
a) P = 1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3¹⁰¹
= (1 + 3 + 3²) + (3³ + 3⁴ + 3⁵) + ... + (3⁹⁹ + 3¹⁰⁰ + 3¹⁰¹)
= 13 + 3³.(1 + 3 + 3²) + ... + 3⁹⁹.(1 + 3 + 3²)
= 13 + 3³.13 + ... + 3⁹⁹.13
= 13.(1 + 3³ + ... + 3⁹⁹) ⋮ 13
Vậy P ⋮ 13
b) B = 1 + 2² + 2⁴ + ... + 2²⁰²⁰
= (1 + 2² + 2⁴) + (2⁶ + 2⁸ + 2¹⁰) + ... + (2²⁰¹⁶ + 2²⁰¹⁸ + 2²⁰²⁰)
= 21 + 2⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴) + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴)
= 21 + 2⁶.21 + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.21
= 21.(1 + 2⁶ + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶) ⋮ 21
Vậy B ⋮ 21
c) A = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2²⁰
= (2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + (2⁵ + 2⁶ + 2⁷ + 2⁸) + ... + (2¹⁷ + 2¹⁸ + 2¹⁹ + 2²⁰)
= 30 + 2⁴.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + ... + 2¹⁶.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴)
= 30 + 2⁴.30 + ... + 2¹⁶.30
= 30.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶)
= 5.6.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
d) A = 1 + 4 + 4² + ... + 4⁹⁸
= (1 + 4 + 4²) + (4³ + 4⁴ + 4⁵) + ... + (4⁹⁷ + 4⁹⁸ + 4⁹⁹)
= 21 + 4³.(1 + 4 + 4²) + ... + 4⁹⁷.(1 + 4 + 4²)
= 21 + 4³.21 + ... + 4⁹⁷.21
= 21.(1 + 4³ + ... + 4⁹⁷) ⋮ 21
Vậy A ⋮ 21
e) A = 11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + ... + 11 + 1
= (11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + 11⁶ + 11⁵) + (11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1)
= 11⁵.(11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1) + 16105
= 11⁵.16105 + 16105
= 16105.(11⁵ + 1)
= 5.3221.(11⁵ + 1) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
Sửa dùm mình dòng cuối cùng là " Vậy \(A⋮5\) " nha. Cảm ơn bạn.
\(A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\\ A=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^2\left(2+2^2\right)+...+2^{98}\left(2+2^2\right)\\ A=\left(2+2^2\right)\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)\\ A=6\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮6\)
\(S=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{95}+2^{96}\right)\\ S=\left(1+2\right)\left(2+2^3+...+2^{95}\right)\\ S=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{95}\right)⋮3\left(1\right)\\ S=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^3\left(1+2^2+...+2^{93}\right)\\ S=8+8\left(1+2^2+...+2^{93}\right)⋮8\left(2\right)\\ \left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow S⋮24\)
không nhớ nhầm thì làm như này
\(M=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{20}=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^2\left(2+2^2\right)+...+2^{18}\left(2+2^2\right)\)
\(=5\left(1+2^2+...+2^{18}\right)⋮5\left(đpcm\right)\)
M = ( 2 + 22 + 23 + 24) + (25 + 26 + 27 + 28) +......+ (217 + 218 + 219 + 220)
= 2.(1 + 2 + 22 + 23) + 25.(1 + 2 + 22 + 23) + 217.(1 + 2 +22 + 23)
= 2.15 + 25.15 + 217.15
= 15. 2.(1 + 24 +....+ 216)
= 5. 3. 2.(1 + 24 + ....+ 216)
=> M chia hết cho 5