I. Fill in each blank with the correct preposition.

1. Thousands of people were exposed... radiation when the nuclear plant exploded.

2. Waste water from many factories which is dumped... water bodies directly causes water pollution.

3. Land pollution is responsible for damage done ... natural habitat of animals.

4. Americans throw... twenty-eight and a half million tons of plastic in landfills every year.

5. Scientist have come up ... new ways of saving energy.

II. Circle the mistake in each sentence, and then correct it.

1. Long exposure to loud noise results permanent hearing loss.

2. The misuse of resources and improper dumping of waste make land pollution.

3. The soil becomes contaminated because the use of so many pesticides and other farming chemicals.

4. Oil slicks from boats or ships pollute the sea, because many fish and sea birds die.

5. In many developing countries, water pollution is usually a leading cause of death if people drink from polluted water sources.

6. We should plant trees in our neighbourhood so trees help cool the planet.

III

The major cause of water pollution in Vietnam is the weakness industrial wastewater management. Many factories.... fresh water to carry away waste... their plants into canal rivers and lakes. Most of them do not have.... wastewater treatment system. Industrial was water is directly discharged into canals, lakes, ponds and rivers, causing serious... of surface water. For example,... 2008, Vedan factory, a sodium glutamate plant, release their untreated industrial wastewater into the Thi Vai River and... tons of fish and ducks the river to die.

Another cause of water pollution in Vietnam is the lack of awareness among citizens. Every day people genera a lot of... , and they throw it directly into canals, rivers and ponds. They... water from these sources to do their laundry, wash dishes, bathe and then they throw the dirty water that cointain detergent and shampoo directly into them.

D. READING 1. Read the text then choose the best answer. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION In recent years the problem of environmental pollution has become a serious problem in big cities in our country. So, what are reasons and possible measures for this problem? Nowadays, we are living in a city with high population density, so domestic waste is the first reason. Then many people's social consciousness is not high. In several areas, they throw rubbish on streets, canals and rivers. It is easy for us to see rubbish of all kinds floating on the water. Moreover, uncultured people even pee in the public place. Now, let's come to other reasons. Our city is overloaded with vehicles that expel a lot of smoke and dust. This contributes to the heat of the air, and causes pollution. Besides that, in several places, trees have been cut down to have room for buildings, hotels, or supermarkets. This makes the atmosphere in our city mug and stuffy. New words: muggy (adi) nồm ẩm, oi bức stuffy (adi) ngột ngạt 1. What is not the reasons of environmental pollution? A. high population density B. smoke and dust from vehicles C. domestic waste D. the new drainage system 2. What is the first reason of environmental pollution? A. domestic waste B. smoke and dust from vehicles C. population density D. rubbish on streets 3. What is the synonym of the word "consciousness"? A. awareness B. unculture C. unconsciousness D. awakeness 4. Why vehicles cause air pollution? A. Vehicles make the atmosphere in our city muggy and stuffy. B. Because they expel a lot of smoke and dust. C. Because they consume too much gasoline. D. Because many people use motorbikes and cars nowadays. 5. How is the drain system in our city? A. It’s very modern. B. It's downgrade. C. It is new. D. It is very old and downgrade

Light pollution

Most of us are familiar with air, water, and land pollution, but did you know that light can also be a pollutant? Not many people know about this kind of pollution. Light pollution is the inappropriate or excessive use of artificial light and it can have serious environmental consequences for humans, wildlife, and our climate. Light pollution is a side effect of industrial civilization. Its sources include building exterior and interior lighting, advertising, commercial properties, offices, factories, streetlights, and illuminates sporting venues.

The fact is that much outdoor lighting used at night is inefficient, overly bright and, in many cases, completely unnecessary. This light, and the electricity used to create it, is being wasted by spilling into the sky, rather than focusing on the actual objects and areas that people want illuminated. For three billion years, life on Earth in a rhythm of light and dark that was created solely by the illumination of the Sun, Moon, and Stars. Now, artificial lights overpower the darkness and our cities glow at night. It disrupts the natural day-night pattern and shifts the delicate balance of our environment. Light pollution has negative impacts. It increases energy consumption, disrupts the ecosystem and wildlife and harms human health. Fortunately, concern about light pollution is rising dramatically. A growing number of sciences, homeowners, environmental groups and civic leaders are taking actions to restore the natural night.

Read the following fable and put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous.

The Woodcutter and his Axe

One day, a woodcutter (1. cut) _____ a tree on the bank of the river when his axe (2. slip) _____ from his hands and (3. fall) _____ into the water. The poor man (4. be) _____ so sad that he (5. start) _____ to cry bitterly.

At this moment, and angel (6. appear) _____ there and (7. ask) _____ the woodcutter why he (8. cry) _____. He (9. tell) _____ the story, and the angel (10. feel) _____ sorry and (11. drive) _____ into the river to find the lost axe. Later, he (12. appear) _____ from the water with a gold axe in his hand, but the woodcutter (13. refuse) _____ to take it, saying that it (14. not be) _____ his axe. The angel (15. drive) _____ into the water once again and (16. appear) _____ with an axe that was made of silver. The woodcutter (17. be) _____ still sad. He (18. shake) _____ his read harder and (19. tell) _____ the angle that his own axe (20. be) _____ made of iron. The third time the angle (21. come) _____ out of the water with an iron axe in his hand. Filled with joy, the woodcutter (22. cry) _____, "This belong to me".

He (23. thank) _____ the angle for helping him. The angle (24. be) _____ greatly impressed by his honestly, and he (25. give) _____ the woodcutter the other two axes as a reward for his honestly.

When we talk of the environment today,many people still think only of tree planting and keeping ....... (1) surroundings clean. Although both activities are ....... (2), they are only a small part of the environmental story.The environment is both urban and rural. It ....... (3) seashore, rivers, mountains and so on. It includes cities, towns, ....... (4). The water we drink and the air we breathe are important elements of the environment, so ....... (5) the trees, plants and animals. So the environment is the sum total of the country's ....... (6) resources.The environment ....... (7) us with all our daily needs. This is true for ....... (8) the urban and rural people. Rural people rely directly .......(9) the natural environment for many of ......(10) daily needs.

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to complete the passage below

Water pollution happens __________ (6) toxic substances enter water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans and so on, getting dissolved in them, lying suspended in the water or depositing on the bed. This degrades the quality of water. Not __________ (7) does this spell disaster for aquatic ecosystems, the pollutants also seep through and reach the groundwater, which might end up in our households as contaminated water we use in our daily activities, including drinking.

Water pollution can be __________ (8) in a number of ways, one of the most polluting being city sewage and industrial waste discharge. Indirect sources __________ (9) water pollution include contaminants that enter the water supply from soils or groundwater systems and from the atmosphere via rain. Soils and groundwater contain __________ (10) residue of human agricultural practices and also improperly disposed of industrial wastes.

Pollutants can be of varying kinds: organic, inorganic, radioactive and so on. In fact, the list of possible water contaminants is just too vast to be listed here.

Question 7:

A. both

B. only

C. well

D. either

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to complete the passage below

Water pollution happens __________ (6) toxic substances enter water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans and so on, getting dissolved in them, lying suspended in the water or depositing on the bed. This degrades the quality of water. Not __________ (7) does this spell disaster for aquatic ecosystems, the pollutants also seep through and reach the groundwater, which might end up in our households as contaminated water we use in our daily activities, including drinking.

Water pollution can be __________ (8) in a number of ways, one of the most polluting being city sewage and industrial waste discharge. Indirect sources __________ (9) water pollution include contaminants that enter the water supply from soils or groundwater systems and from the atmosphere via rain. Soils and groundwater contain __________ (10) residue of human agricultural practices and also improperly disposed of industrial wastes.

Pollutants can be of varying kinds: organic, inorganic, radioactive and so on. In fact, the list of possible water contaminants is just too vast to be listed here.

Question 8: 

A. cause

B. caused

C. causeing

D. causes

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to complete the passage below

Water pollution happens __________ (6) toxic substances enter water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans and so on, getting dissolved in them, lying suspended in the water or depositing on the bed. This degrades the quality of water. Not __________ (7) does this spell disaster for aquatic ecosystems, the pollutants also seep through and reach the groundwater, which might end up in our households as contaminated water we use in our daily activities, including drinking.

Water pollution can be __________ (8) in a number of ways, one of the most polluting being city sewage and industrial waste discharge. Indirect sources __________ (9) water pollution include contaminants that enter the water supply from soils or groundwater systems and from the atmosphere via rain. Soils and groundwater contain __________ (10) residue of human agricultural practices and also improperly disposed of industrial wastes.

Pollutants can be of varying kinds: organic, inorganic, radioactive and so on. In fact, the list of possible water contaminants is just too vast to be listed here.

Question 9: 

A. of

B. in

C. at

D. for

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to complete the passage below

Water pollution happens __________ (6) toxic substances enter water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans and so on, getting dissolved in them, lying suspended in the water or depositing on the bed. This degrades the quality of water. Not __________ (7) does this spell disaster for aquatic ecosystems, the pollutants also seep through and reach the groundwater, which might end up in our households as contaminated water we use in our daily activities, including drinking.

Water pollution can be __________ (8) in a number of ways, one of the most polluting being city sewage and industrial waste discharge. Indirect sources __________ (9) water pollution include contaminants that enter the water supply from soils or groundwater systems and from the atmosphere via rain. Soils and groundwater contain __________ (10) residue of human agricultural practices and also improperly disposed of industrial wastes.

Pollutants can be of varying kinds: organic, inorganic, radioactive and so on. In fact, the list of possible water contaminants is just too vast to be listed here.

Question 7: 

A. both

B. only

C. well

D. either