1,x/7=y/3 va x-24=y

=>x/7=y/3 va x-y=24

adtcdts=n: 

x/7=y/3=x-y/7-3=24/4=6

Suy ra :x/7=6=>x=6.742

y/3=6=>y=3.6=18

2,Adtcdts=n:

x/5=y/7=z/2=y-x/7-5=48/2=24

suy ra : x/5=24=>x=120

y/7=24=>y=168

z/2=24=>z=48

Bài 2:

\(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+a}{c-a}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c+a}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-a}=\dfrac{a+b+a-b}{c+a+c-a}=\dfrac{a}{c}\) (T/c dãy tỷ số = nhau)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c+a}=\dfrac{a}{c}\Rightarrow c\left(a+b\right)=a\left(c+a\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow ac+bc=ac+a^2\Rightarrow a^2=bc\)

a) ADTCDTSBN

có: \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{z}{4}=\frac{x+z}{2+4}=\frac{18}{6}=3.\)

=> x/2 = 3 => x = 6

y/3 = 3 => y = 9

z/4 = 3 => z = 12

KL:...

b,c làm tương tự nha

d) ta có: \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{-6}=\frac{z}{7}=\frac{2x}{10}\)

ADTCDTSBN

có: \(\frac{2x}{10}=\frac{y}{-6}=\frac{z}{7}=\frac{2x+y-z}{10+\left(-6\right)-7}=\frac{49}{-3}\)

=>...

e) ADTCDTSBN

có: \(\frac{x+1}{2}=\frac{y+2}{3}=\frac{z+3}{4}=\frac{x+1+y+2+z+3}{2+3+4}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(1+2+3\right)}{9}\)

\(=\frac{21+6}{9}=\frac{27}{9}=3\)

=>...

g) ta có: \(\frac{x}{4}=\frac{y}{3}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4k\\y=3k\end{cases}}\)

mà xy = 12 => 4k.3k = 12

                          12.k² = 12

                              k² = 1

                        => k = 1 hoặc k = -1

=> x = 4.1 = 4

y = 3.1 = 3

x=4.(-1) = -4 

y=3.(-1) = -3

KL:...

h) ta có: \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{25}=\frac{y^2}{9}\)

ADTCDTSBN

có: \(\frac{x^2}{25}=\frac{y^2}{9}=\frac{x^2-y^2}{25-9}=\frac{16}{16}=1\)

=>...

Câu 3:

\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{5}{9}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{9}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{x-y}{5-9}=\dfrac{-40}{-4}=10\)

\(\dfrac{x}{5}=10\Rightarrow x=5\\ \dfrac{y}{9}=10\Rightarrow y=90\)

Câu b:

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{5x-2y}{10-6}=\dfrac{28}{4}=7\)

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=7\Rightarrow x=14\\ \dfrac{y}{3}=7\Rightarrow y=21\)

Câu c:

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{10}=\dfrac{x+y-1}{5+7-10}=\dfrac{20}{2}=10\)

\(\dfrac{x}{5}=10\Rightarrow x=50\\ \dfrac{y}{7}=10\Rightarrow y=70\\ \dfrac{z}{10}=10\Rightarrow z=100\)

Câu d:

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}=\dfrac{3x-2y+2z}{9-8+10}=\dfrac{121}{11}=11\)

\(\dfrac{x}{3}=11\Rightarrow x=3\\ \dfrac{y}{4}=11\Rightarrow y=44\\ \dfrac{z}{5}=11\Rightarrow z=55\)

Câu e:

\(\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{y}{6}\\\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{10}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{10} \)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{10}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{8+6-10}=\dfrac{20}{4}=5\)

\(\dfrac{x}{8}=5\Rightarrow x=40\\ \dfrac{y}{6}=5\Rightarrow y=30\\ \dfrac{z}{10}=5\Rightarrow z=50\)

3) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{x-y}{5-9}=\dfrac{-40}{-4}=10\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=10.5=50\\y=10.9=90\end{matrix}\right.\)

4) \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{5x}{10}=\dfrac{2y}{6}=\dfrac{5x-2y}{10-6}=\dfrac{28}{4}=7\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=7.2=14\\y=7.3=21\end{matrix}\right.\)

5) \(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{10}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{5+7-10}=\dfrac{20}{2}=10\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=10.5=50\\y=10.7=70\\z=10.10=100\end{matrix}\right.\)

6) \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}=\dfrac{3x}{9}=\dfrac{2y}{8}=\dfrac{2z}{10}=\dfrac{3x-2y+2z}{9-8+10}=\dfrac{121}{11}=11\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11.3=33\\y=11.4=44\\z=11.5=55\end{matrix}\right.\)

7) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{12}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{10}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{12+6-10}=\dfrac{20}{8}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}.12=30\\y=\dfrac{5}{2}.6=15\\z=\dfrac{5}{2}.10=25\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(1,\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{x+y}{2+5}=\dfrac{21}{7}=3\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=15\end{matrix}\right.\\ 2,7x=3y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{x-y}{3-7}=\dfrac{16}{-4}=-4\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-12\\y=-28\end{matrix}\right.\\ 3,\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{7}=\dfrac{x-y-z}{5-6-7}=\dfrac{36}{-8}=-\dfrac{9}{2}\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{45}{2}\\y=-27\\z=-\dfrac{63}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ 4,x:y:z=3:5:7\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}=\dfrac{2x+3y-z}{6+15-7}=\dfrac{-14}{14}=-1\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=-5\\z=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)

3. Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{7}=\dfrac{x-y-z}{5-6-7}=\dfrac{36}{-8}=\dfrac{-9}{2}\)

\(x=\dfrac{-45}{2}\)

\(y=-27\)

\(z=\dfrac{-63}{2}\)